Gilyos Services
Gilyos Service

Collapse Temperature Measurements by Freeze Dry Microscopy (FDM)

GILYOS is known as one of the leading experts for Freeze Dry Microscopy. FDM allows us to study the freeze-drying behavior of a formulation in micro-scale under controlled temperature and pressure. The main purpose of FDM is to study morphological changes in the drying product as a function of temperature using a microscope. At a temperature characteristic for each formulation, the dried product will undergo first structural changes (“onset of collapse”, Toc). Product temperatures during primary drying must then be controlled below Toc to achieve optimum final product quality attributes.

We are particularly specialized in examining the temperature range between “onset of collapse” and “full collapse” (denoted as “microcollapse region”) which has become of tremendous importance for enhanced process optimization, robustness testing and QbD in freeze-drying.

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