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Morphological Characterization of the Final Product

The morphology of a freeze-dried product is formed during the freezing step in a freeze-drying cycle. For optimum process and product results, it is desireable to generate a homogenous pore-size distribution with a large (average) pore diameter during the freezing step. Product morphology greatly influences the resistance to water vapor flow during primary drying which in turn strongly affects mass flow rates (process-relevant). If the product temperature during primary drying exceeds the collapse temperature, product morphology changes and can impact the final product quality attributes (product-relevant).

GILYOS uses a variety of analytical procedures to fully assess the morphology of freeze-dried products. One of our key areas of expertise are Specific Surface Area measurements on which we even maintain an active research program.

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